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       
(Showing Draft Content)

NPV

割引率と、将来行われる一連の支払いおよびその収益に基づいて、投資の正味現在価値を計算します。

書式

NPV( discount , value1 , value2 ,...)

引数

有効な引数は次のとおりです。

引数

説明

discount

期間あたりの割引率

value1 ,...

支払額と収益額。出金(支払額)は負数、入金(収益)は正数で指定します。

NPV関数では、数値、空白セル、論理値、または数値を表す文字列も計算対象となります。ただし、エラー値、または数値に変換できない文字列は無視されます。 引数に配列またはセル参照を指定すると、この配列またはセル参照に含まれる数値だけが計算の対象となります。 配列またはセル参照内の空白セル、論理値、文字列、またはエラー値は無視されます。 この関数には最大255個の引数を指定できます。

解説

支払いと収益の期間は同じ間隔とし、毎回期末に発生するものとします。 NPV関数では、指定した値の順序がキャッシュフローの順序であるとみなされます。 支払額と収益額は、正しい順序で指定するように注意が必要です。

投資は、value1のキャッシュフローの日付より1期前に開始され、引数リスト内の最後のキャッシュフローで終了します。 NPVの計算は、将来のキャッシュフローに基づいて行われます。 最初のキャッシュフローが第1期の期首に発生する場合は、その最初の値は引数として指定するのではなく、NPV関数の計算結果に加算する必要があります。

NPV関数はPV関数(現在価値)と似ています。 PV関数では、キャッシュフローの発生は期首または期末のどちらでもかまいません。一方、NPV関数では、キャッシュフローの発生は期末に固定されています。 また、NPV関数ではキャッシュフローの値が一定ではありませんが、PVのキャッシュフローは投資期間中一定である必要があります。

NPV関数は、IRR関数(内部利益率)とも関連があります。IRRは、計算結果が0になるときのNPVのrate引数と一致します。つまり、NPV(IRR(...), ...) = 0と表されます。

データ型

全引数に対して数値データを受け取り、 数値データを返します。

サンプル

NPV(0.065,D12:D19)

NPV(R1C1,R12C4:R19C4)

NPV(6.5%, -10000, 3000, 3400, 7700) 結果: $2,055.38